Namhlanje, makhe sithethe ngeendiza ezisondelelene nobomi bethu.Iindiza zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lokutya.
Idatha ye-Intanethi ibonisa ukuba ngo-2019, ukusetyenziswa kwezitro zeplastiki kudlule kwi-46 yeebhiliyoni, ukusetyenziswa komntu ngamnye kudlula i-30, kwaye ukusetyenziswa okupheleleyo kwakumalunga ne-50,000 ukuya kwi-100,000 yeetoni.Ezi ngca zeplastiki zemveli azinakonakala, kuba zisetyenziselwa ixesha elinye, zinokulahlwa ngokuthe ngqo emva kokusetyenziswa.zonke zichaphazela.
Iindiza ziyimfuneko ekuphekeni, ngaphandle kokuba abantu batshintsha indlela abaphila ngayo, njengale: ukutshintsha indlela yokusela amanzi okusela amanzi angenazitro;ukusebenzisa i-non-straw njengemilomo yokufunxa, ebonakala ibiza kakhulu;kunye nokusebenzisa imiququ enokuphinda isetyenziswe, njengeengca zentsimbi engatyiwayo kunye neengca zeglasi, ayibonakali iluncedo kangako.Emva koko, eyona ndlela ikhoyo ngoku inokuba kukusebenzisa izitro ezonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo, ezifana nezitro zeplastiki ezinokubola, iindiza zephepha, iindiza zestatshi, njl.
Ngezi zizathu, ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2020, ishishini lokutya lelizwe lam likuyekile ukusetyenziswa kweendiza zeplastiki kwaye endaweni yengca engonakaliyo kwafakwa iindiza ezonakeleyo.Ngoko ke, izinto ezikhoyo zangoku zokuvelisa iindiza zizinto ze-polymer, izinto ezichithwayo.
I-PLA yezinto ezichithwayo zokwenza iindiza zinenzuzo yokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo.I-PLA ine-biodegradability efanelekileyo, kwaye iyancipha ukuvelisa i-CO2 kunye ne-H2O, engayingcolisi imo engqongileyo kwaye inokwanelisa iimfuno ze-composting ye-industrial.Inkqubo yokuvelisa ilula kwaye umjikelo wemveliso umfutshane.I-straw ekhutshwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu inozinzo oluhle lwe-thermal kunye nokumelana ne-solvent.Iglosi, ukucaca kunye nokuziva kwemveliso kunokuthatha indawo yeemveliso ezisekelwe kwipetroleum, kwaye zonke izikhombisi ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zemveliso zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zemimiselo yokutya yendawo.Ke ngoko, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye inokwanelisa iimfuno zeziselo ezininzi kwimarike yangoku.
Iindiza ze-PLA zinokuxhathisa okulungileyo kokufuma kunye nokuqina komoya, kwaye zizinzile kwiqondo lokushisa, kodwa ziya kuthotywa ngokuzenzekelayo xa ubushushu bungaphezulu kwe-45 °C okanye phantsi kwesenzo sokuphucula i-oxygen kunye ne-microorganisms.Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiqondo lokushisa ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwemveliso kunye nokugcinwa.Ubushushu obuphezulu bexesha elide bunokubangela ukuguqulwa kweendiza ze-PLA.
Kukho kwakhona umququ wephepha oqhelekileyo esinawo.Umququ wephepha ikakhulu wenziwa ngephepha lenkuni elikrwada elihambelana nokusingqongileyo.Kwinkqubo yokubumba, kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo kwizinto ezifana nesantya somatshini kunye nesixa seglue., kwaye ulungise ububanzi umququ ngobukhulu mandrel.Yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa izitro zephepha ilula kwaye kulula ukuyivelisa ngobuninzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso leendiza zephepha liphezulu, kwaye amava kufuneka aphuculwe.Kufuneka kusetyenziswe iphepha elithobela ukutya kunye nezinto ezincamathelayo.Ukuba i-straw yephepha kunye nepateni, iimveliso zokutya ze-inki kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno, kuba zonke kufuneka zidibanise ngqo nokutya, kwaye umgangatho wokutya wemveliso kufuneka uqinisekiswe.Ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka ihambelane neziselo ezininzi kwiimarike.Uninzi lwezitro zephepha ziba yi-ruan kunye nejeli xa zibekwe kwiziselo ezishushu okanye iziselo ezineasidi.Le yimiba ekufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kuyo.
Ubomi obuluhlaza buvelisa amathuba oshishino oluluhlaza.Ukongeza kwiindidi ezikhankanywe ngasentla, phantsi "kokuvinjelwa kweplastiki", abathengi abaninzi kunye namashishini baye baqala ukuthobela ingqalelo kwiindiza eziluhlaza, kwaye ndiyakholelwa ukuba kuya kubakho ezinye iindlela.Iimveliso zeendiza eziluhlaza, ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye noqoqosho ziya kuthatha ngamandla ngokuchasene "nomoya".
Ngaba imiququ eyonakalisayo yeyona mpendulo ilungileyo?
Eyona njongo yokuvalwa kweplastiki ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo kukukhuthaza ezinye iimveliso ezizezinye ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo ngokuthintela ngocwangco kunye nokunciphisa ukuveliswa, ukuthengisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki, ekugqibeleni kukhuthazwa imodeli entsha yokurisayikilisha, kunye nokunciphisa ubuninzi benkunkuma yeplastiki kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma.
Ngeengca zeplastiki ezonakeleyo, ngaba akukho mfuneko yakuzikhathaza ngongcoliseko nokusetyenziswa okungalawulekiyo?
Hayi, izinto ezikrwada zeplastiki ezonakeleyo zingumbona kunye nezinye izityalo zokutya, kwaye ukusetyenziswa okungalawulekiyo kuya kubangela ukuchithwa kokutya.Ukongeza, ukhuseleko lwamacandelo eplastiki anokonakala alukho phezulu kuneeplastiki zemveli.Iingxowa ezininzi zeplastiki ezonakeleyo kulula ukuziqhekeza kwaye azihlali ixesha elide.Ngesi sizathu, abanye abavelisi baya kongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ezi zongezo zinokuba nempembelelo entsha kokusingqongileyo.
Emva kokuba ulwahlulo lwenkunkuma luphunyeziwe, luhlobo luni lwenkunkuma iplastiki eyonakalayo iyeyayo?
Emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika, inokuthi ihlelwe "njengenkunkuma edibeneyo", okanye ivumeleke ukuba iphoswe kunye nenkunkuma yokutya, ngaphandle kokuba kukho ukuqokelela okuhleliweyo kunye ne-composting ekupheleni.Kwizikhokelo zokuhlela ezikhutshwe zizixeko ezininzi kwilizwe lam, ayiphinda isetyenziswe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-21-2022