Nhasi ngatitaure nezvemashanga ane hukama nehupenyu hwedu.Mashanga anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvekudya.
Data yepamhepo inoratidza kuti muna 2019, kushandiswa kwemashanga epurasitiki kwakapfuura mabhiriyoni makumi mana nematanhatu, kushandiswa kwemunhu kwakapfuura makumi matatu, uye kushandiswa kwese kwaisvika zviuru makumi mashanu kusvika mazana mashanu ematani.Aya mashanga epurasitiki echinyakare haaparare, nekuti anoshandiswa kamwe chete, anogona kukandwa kure zvakananga mushure mekushandisa.zvese zvinokanganisa.
Mashanga anodiwa pakubika, kunze kwekunge vanhu vakachinja mararamiro avo, akadai se: kushandura nzira yekunwa mvura yekunwa isina mashanga;kushandisa huswa husina huswa hwakadai semazino ekusveta, anoita seanodhura;uye kushandisa mashanga anogona kushandiswazve, semashanga esimbi isina tsvina nemashanga egirazi, zvinoita sezvisina kunaka.Zvino, nzira yazvino iri nani ingave yekushandisa mashanga anoparara zvizere, senge mashanga epurasitiki anoora, mashanga emapepa, mashanga estarch, nezvimwe.
Nezvikonzero izvi, kutanga kubva mukupera kwa2020, indasitiri yezvekudya munyika yangu yakarambidza kushandiswa kwemashanga epurasitiki uye kutsiva mashanga asina kuparara nemashanga anoora.Naizvozvo, zvinhu zvazvino zvekugadzira mashanga zvinhu zvepolymer, zvinova zvinhu zvinoshatisa.
The degradable material PLA yekugadzira mashanga ane mukana wekuve wakaora zvachose.PLA ine biodegradability yakanaka, uye inoshatisa kugadzira CO2 neH2O, iyo isingasvibise nharaunda uye inogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa neindasitiri composting.Maitiro ekugadzira ari nyore uye kutenderera kwekugadzira kupfupi.Mashanga akawedzerwa pakupisa kwepamusoro ane kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa uye kushorwa kwe solvent.Kubwinya, kujeka uye kunzwa kwechigadzirwa kunogona kutsiva petroleum-based products, uye zviratidzo zvose zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvechigadzirwa zvinogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nemitemo yezvokudya zvemunharaunda.Naizvozvo, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye inogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvezvinwiwa zvakawanda mumusika wazvino.
Mashanga ePLA ane hunyoro hwakanaka hwekudzivirira uye kusimba kwemhepo, uye akagadzikana patembiricha yekamuri, asi anozozvidzikisira kana tembiricha yakwira kupfuura 45 °C kana pasi pechiito chekuwedzera oksijeni uye tupukanana.Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune tembiricha panguva yekutakura chigadzirwa uye kuchengetedza.Tembiricha yenguva refu inogona kukonzera deformation yemashanga ePLA.
Kune zvakare huswa hwemapepa hwatinahwo.Huswa hwemapepa hunogadzirwa zvakanyanya nemhoteredzo yehuni mbishi pulp bepa.Mukuita kuumbwa, zvinofanirwa kutarisisa kune zvinhu zvakaita sekumhanya kwemuchina uye huwandu hweglue., uye gadzirisa dhayamita yesadza nehukuru hwemandrel.Kugadzirwa kwese kwemashanga epepa kuri nyore uye kuri nyore kugadzira kuwanda.
Nekudaro, mutengo wemashanga emapepa wakakwira, uye ruzivo rwunoda kuvandudzwa.Pepa rinoenderana nekudya uye zvinonamira zvinofanira kushandiswa.Kana iri mashanga epepa ane pateni, zvigadzirwa zvekudya zveinki zvinofanirawo kusangana nezvinodiwa, nokuti zvose zvinoda kutarisana zvakananga nechikafu, uye kunaka kwezvokudya zvechigadzirwa kunofanira kuvimbiswa.Panguva imwecheteyo, inofanirwa kuenderana nezvinwiwa zvakawanda pamusika.Mashanga mazhinji emapepa anova ruan uye gel kana akaiswa pazvinwiwa zvinopisa kana zvinwiwa zvine acid.Idzi ndidzo nyaya dzatinofanira kungwarira.
Upenyu hwegirini hunobereka mikana yebhizimusi yakasvibira.Mukuwedzera kune mashanga ataurwa pamusoro apa, pasi pe "kurambidzwa kwepurasitiki", vatengi vakawanda uye mabhizimisi vakatanga kuterera kune mashanga akasvibirira, uye ndinotenda kuti pachava nedzimwe nzira.Zvigadzirwa zvemashanga zvakasvibira, zvakatipoteredza uye zvehupfumi zvichasimuka zvakasimba kurwisa "mhepo".
Mashanga akaora ndiyo mhinduro yakanaka here?
Chinangwa chekupedzisira chekurambidzwa kwepurasitiki ndechekusimudzira zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari zvakatipoteredza nekurambidza uye kurambidza kugadzirwa, kutengesa uye kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki, pakupedzisira kukurudzira mhando nyowani yekudzokorodza, uye kuderedza huwandu hwemarara epurasitiki mumarapi.
Nemashanga epurasitiki anoora, hapana chikonzero chekunetseka pamusoro pekusvibiswa uye kushandiswa kusingadzoreki?
Aiwa, zvigadzirwa zvemapurasitiki anoparara chibage nezvimwe zvirimwa zvekudya, uye kushandiswa kusingadzoreki kunokonzera kuraswa kwezvokudya.Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedzeka kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki zvinoshatisa hakuna kukwira kupfuura izvo zvechinyakare mapurasitiki.Mabhegi akawanda epurasitiki anoparara ari nyore kuputsika uye haagari.Nechikonzero ichi, vamwe vagadziri vanozowedzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuwedzera, uye izvi zvinowedzera zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro panharaunda.
Mushure mekunge kupatsanurwa kwemarara kwaitwa, rudzii rwemarara iyo plastiki inoparara ndeye?
Munyika dzeEurope neAmerica, inogona kuverengerwa se "compostable tsvina", kana kubvumidzwa kukandwa pamwe chete nemarara echikafu, chero paine kuunganidzwa kwakaiswa uye composting kumucheto kumashure.Mune mirairo yemhando yakapihwa nemaguta mazhinji munyika yangu, haigadzirwe zvakare.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-21-2022