Manufofin Muhalli da Ka'idojin Zane
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ana ci gaba da samun rahotannin sauyin yanayi da gurbacewar yanayi iri-iri, lamarin da ya jawo hankalin kasashe da kamfanoni da dama, kuma kasashe sun gabatar da manufofin kiyaye muhalli daya bayan daya.
Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai kula da muhalli (UNEA-5) ta amince da wani kuduri mai cike da tarihi a ranar 2 ga Maris 2022 don kawo karshen gurbatar filastik nan da shekarar 2024. A bangaren kamfanoni, alal misali, marufi na Coca-Cola na 2025 na duniya na iya sake yin amfani da su 100%, kuma kunshin Nestlé na 2025 shine 1000. % sake yin amfani da su ko sake amfani da su.
Bugu da kari, kungiyoyin kasa da kasa, kamar sassaukan marufi na tattalin arzikin madauwari CEFLEX da ka'idar kayan masarufi CGF, suma sun gabatar da ka'idodin ƙirar tattalin arzikin madauwari da ka'idodin ƙirar zinare bi da bi.Wadannan ka'idodin ƙira guda biyu suna da kwatance iri ɗaya a cikin kariyar muhalli na marufi masu sassauƙa: 1) Abu ɗaya da duk-polyolefin suna cikin nau'in kayan da aka sake fa'ida;2) Ba a yarda da PET, nailan, PVC da kayan lalacewa ba;3) Shamaki Layer Layer Layer ba zai iya wuce 5% na duka ba.
Ta yaya fasaha ke tallafawa marufi masu dacewa da muhalli
Dangane da manufofin kare muhalli da aka bayar a gida da waje, ta yaya za a tallafa wa kare muhalli na marufi masu sassauƙa?
Da farko, ban da abubuwa masu lalacewa da fasaha, masana'antun kasashen waje sun saka hannun jari a ci gabansake amfani da robobi da robobi na tushen halittu da samfuran.Misali, Eastman na Amurka ya saka hannun jari a fasahar sake amfani da polyester, Toray na Japan ya ba da sanarwar haɓaka nailan N510 na tushen halittu, kuma Suntory Group na Japan ya sanar a watan Disamba 2021 cewa ya sami nasarar ƙirƙirar samfurin kwalban PET mai tushe 100% .
Na biyu, a mayar da martani ga manufofin cikin gida na hana amfani da robobi guda ɗaya, baya gaAbubuwan da za su lalace PLA, Kasar Sin ma ta zuba jaria cikin haɓaka nau'ikan abubuwa masu lalacewa kamar PBAT, PBS da sauran kayan da aikace-aikacen da suka danganci su.Za a iya kaddarorin jiki na abubuwa masu lalacewa sun iya saduwa da buƙatun ayyuka masu yawa na marufi masu sassauƙa?
Daga kwatancen kaddarorin jiki tsakanin fina-finan petrochemical da fina-finai masu lalacewa,har yanzu kariyar abubuwan da ba za a iya lalacewa ba sun yi nisa da fina-finan gargajiya.Bugu da ƙari, ko da yake ana iya sake rufe kayan shinge daban-daban a kan kayan da ba a iya lalacewa ba, za a ƙaddamar da farashin kayan shafa da matakai, da kuma yin amfani da kayan da aka lalata a cikin fakiti masu laushi, wanda shine sau 2-3 na farashin asali na fim din petrochemical. , mafi wuya.Sabili da haka, aikace-aikacen kayan lalacewa a cikin marufi masu sassauƙa kuma yana buƙatar saka hannun jari a cikin bincike da haɓaka albarkatun ƙasa don magance matsalolin kaddarorin jiki da farashi.
Marufi mai sassauƙa yana da ƙayyadaddun haɗe-haɗe na abubuwa daban-daban don biyan buƙatun samfurin don bayyanar gaba ɗaya da aikin marufi.Sauƙaƙe na nau'ikan fina-finai daban-daban ciki har da bugu, ayyukan fasalin da rufewar zafi, kayan da aka saba amfani da su sune OPP, PET, ONY, foil na aluminum ko aluminized, PE da PP kayan rufewar zafi, PVC da PETG fina-finai masu zafi da kuma sanannen MDOPE na kwanan nan tare da BOPE.
Koyaya, ta fuskar tattalin arziƙin madauwari na sake amfani da sake amfani da su, ƙa'idodin ƙirar CEFLEX da CGF don tattalin arzikin madauwari na marufi masu sassauƙa da alama suna ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin tsarin kariyar muhalli na marufi masu sassauƙa.
Da farko, yawancin kayan marufi masu sassauƙa sune PP guda ɗaya, irin su fakitin noodle BOPP / MCPP nan take, wannan haɗin kayan zai iya saduwa da kayan guda ɗaya na tattalin arzikin madauwari.
Na biyu,A ƙarƙashin yanayin fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi, tsarin kariyar muhalli na marufi masu sassauƙa za a iya aiwatar da shi a cikin tsarin tsarin marufi na abu ɗaya (PP & PE) ba tare da PET, de-nylon ko duk kayan polyolefin ba.Lokacin da kayan da suka dogara da halittu ko abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da muhalli sun fi kowa yawa, kayan petrochemical da foils na aluminum za a sannu a hankali musanya su don cimma tsarin fakiti mai laushi na muhalli.
A ƙarshe, daga yanayin yanayin kariyar muhalli da halayen kayan aiki, mafi kusantar hanyoyin kare muhalli don marufi masu sassauƙa shine tsara hanyoyin kare muhalli daban-daban don abokan ciniki daban-daban da buƙatun fakitin samfur daban-daban, maimakon mafita guda ɗaya, kamar kayan PE guda ɗaya. , filastik ko takarda mai lalacewa, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi zuwa yanayin amfani daban-daban.Sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar cewa a kan batun biyan buƙatun buƙatun samfuran, kayan aiki da tsarin ya kamata a daidaita su a hankali zuwa tsarin kare muhalli na yanzu wanda ya fi tsada.Lokacin da tsarin sake yin amfani da shi ya fi kamala, sake amfani da marufi mai sassauƙa al'amari ne na shakka.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-26-2022