"Ipulasitiki ewohlokayo" iyisixazululo esibalulekile sokulawula ukungcola kwepulasitiki.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki angaboli akuvunyelwe.Yini engasetshenziswa?Indlela yokunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki?Vumela ipulasitiki ilulaze?Kwenze kube into ehambisana nemvelo.Kodwa, ingabe amapulasitiki abolayo anganciphisa ngempela ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki?Uma ezinye izithasiselo zengezwa epulasitikini ukuze ziwohloke, futhi zisasekelwe epulasitikini, ingabe ngempela azingcolisi imvelo?Abantu abaningi bayangabaza.Abanye abantu baze bacabange ukuthi lona umzuliswano omusha nje womkhosi wezimboni.Ngakho-ke, kunamapulasitiki amaningi awonakalayo anekhwalithi engalingani kanye nezindleko emakethe.Ingabe lokhu kuyinto enhle noma embi?Ingabe izoletha ingcindezi entsha yezemvelo?
Okokuqala, ake sandise amapulasitiki awonakele.Amapulasitiki awonakaliswayo ahlukaniswe abe amapulasitiki abolayo, amapulasitiki okuwohloka kwe-oxidative ashisayo, amapulasitiki abolayo nezithombe namapulasitiki ahlanganiswayo.Zonke “ziyabola”, kodwa izindleko zamapulasitiki awonakaliswa ngokushisa nge-oxidatively kanye namapulasitiki abolayo isithombe zihluke izikhathi eziningana kulezo zamapulasitiki abolayo kanye namapulasitiki avuthwayo.Amapulasitiki awonakaliswa umoya-mpilo namapulasitiki awonakaliswa ukukhanya kuthiwa “anyamalala” emhlabeni ngemva kokuchayeka ekushiseni noma ekukhanyeni isikhathi esithile.Kodwa yile nto ebiza kancane futhi “enyamalala kalula” ebizwa ngokuthi “i-PM2.5 yomkhakha wepulasitiki.”Ngoba lobu buchwepheshe obubili bokuwohloka bunganciphisa kuphela amapulasitiki abe yizinhlayiya ezincane ezingabonakali, kodwa angeke zibenze banyamalale.Lezi zinhlayiya azibonakali emoyeni, enhlabathini nasemanzini ngenxa yezici zazo ezincane nezilula.U-Z ugcina ehogelwe yizinto eziphilayo.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni 2019, i-Europe yavala ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo elahlayo eyenziwe ngamapulasitiki awonakala nge-oxidatively, futhi i-Australia izowaqeda amapulasitiki anjalo ngo-2022.
EShayina lapho “imfiva yokuwohloka kwemvelo” isanda kuvela khona, “amapulasitiki awonakaliswa mbumbulu” njengaleli asakhanga inani elikhulu labathengi abafuna ukuthenga “izikhwama zepulasitiki eziwohlokayo” ngezindleko eziphansi kodwa bengayazi impicabadala."I-Plastic Restriction Order" eyakhishwa ngo-2020 iyakwenqabela ukusetshenziswa "kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezingaboli" futhi ayicacisi ukuthi yiziphi izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolile okufanele zisetshenziswe.Ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zamapulasitiki abolayo, amapulasitiki okuwohloka kwe-oxidative ashisayo, amapulasitiki abolayo isithombe, noma amapulasitiki ayingxube ye-bio-based nakho kuyizinketho ezinhle ezindaweni ezingadingi ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki abolayo ngokuphelele.Nakuba le pulasitiki ingenakonakaliswa ngokuphelele, okungenani ingxenye ye-PE ayikho.
Kodwa-ke, emakethe enesiphithiphithi, kuvame ukuba nzima kubathengi ukuhlonza isigaba samapulasitiki awonakele.Eqinisweni, amabhizinisi amaningi awawazi umehluko phakathi kwamapulasitiki awonakaliswa ngokuphelele kanye namapulasitiki awonakaliswa nge-oxidatively thermally, amapulasitiki awonakaliswa ukukhanya kanye namapulasitiki ayingxube asekelwe ku-bio.Bavame ukukhetha eyakamuva eshibhile, becabanga ukuthi yonakala ngokuphelele.Kungakho amakhasimende amaningi ezothi: “Kungani intengo yeyunithi yakho ibiza izikhathi eziningana kunezinye?Njengomkhiqizi, akwenzeki ukudukisa abathengi ngokulebula amasampula 'ngewonakala' emikhiqizweni enjalo.
Ipulasitiki efanelekile eyonakaliswayo kufanele ibe “impahla ebolayo ngokuphelele.”Njengamanje, izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezibolayo yi-polylactic acid (PLA), eyenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo ezifana nesitashi nommbila.Ngezinqubo ezinjengokungcwatshwa kwenhlabathi, ukwenza umquba, ukucekelwa phansi kwamanzi ahlanzekile, kanye nokucekelwa phansi kolwandle, le nto ingacekelwa phansi ngokuphelele ibe amanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide ngama-microorganisms ngaphandle kokubangela umthwalo owengeziwe emvelweni.
Emadolobheni lapho "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" kusetshenziswe khona, singabona izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo ezihlangabezana nezinga elisha le-G.Phansi kwayo, ungabona izimpawu ze-“PBAT+PLA” kanye nethi “jj” noma “amahlumela kabhontshisi”.Okwamanje, yilolu hlobo kuphela lwezinto ezibolayo ezihlangabezana nezinga elifanele izinto ezonakaliswayo ezingenamthelela emvelweni.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-07-2022