Abahlobo abaninzi bayabuza ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kweengxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo kunye neengxowa zokupakisha ezonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo?Ngaba ayifani nengxowa yokupakisha eyonakeleyo?Akulunganga oko, kukho umahluko phakathi kweengxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo kunye neengxowa zokupakisha ezonakele ngokupheleleyo.
Iingxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo, oku kuthetha ukuba zinokuthotywa, kodwa iingxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo zohlulwe zibe “zinokonakala” kwaye “zinokonakala ngokupheleleyo”.Yintoni umahluko?Qhubeka ufunda ulwazi oluncinci olunikezwa ngu-Anrui.
Izingxobo zokupakisha ezonakeleyo zibhekisa ekongezeni umlinganiselo othile wezongezo (ezifana nestatshi, istatshi esilungisiweyo okanye enye i-cellulose, iiphotosensitizers, ii-biodegradants, njl. njl.) Iingxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo.
Isingxobo sokupakisha esonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo sithetha ukuba ingxowa yokupakisha yeplastiki ithotywa ngokupheleleyo ibe ngamanzi kunye nekharbon diokside.Umthombo oyintloko wale nto ichithwa ngokupheleleyo icutshungulwa kwingqolowa, i-cassava, njl. kwi-lactic acid, eyi-PLA.I-Polylactic acid (PLA) luhlobo olutsha lwe-biological substrate kunye ne-biodegradable material ehlaziyiweyo.Istatshi ekrwada imathiriyeli ekrwada i-saccharified ukufumana i-glucose, kwaye emva koko ivundiswe kwi-glucose kunye neengxaki ezithile ukuvelisa i-asidi ephezulu ye-lactic, ethi ke idityaniswe ngeendlela ze-chemical synthesis.ubunzima bemolekyuli yepolylactic acid.Ine-biodegradability elungileyo, kwaye inokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo yi-microorganisms kwindalo phantsi kweemeko ezithile emva kokusetyenziswa, ekugqibeleni ivelise i-carbon dioxide kunye namanzi, ngaphandle kokungcolisa imo engqongileyo, enenzuzo kakhulu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kwaye iyinto ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kubasebenzi.Okwangoku, eyona nto iphambili ye-bio-based material ye-bag yokupakisha echithwa ngokupheleleyo iqulunqwe yi-PLA + PBAT, enokuthi ihlanjululwe ngokupheleleyo emanzini kunye ne-carbon dioxide kwiinyanga ezi-3-6 phantsi kwemeko yokudibanisa (i-60-70 degrees), ngaphandle ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
Kutheni kufuneka iPBAT yongezwe?Injineli yeekhemikhali zokuvavanya i-Anrui yanceda umhleli ukuba ayitolike.I-PBAT i-copolymer ye-adipic acid, i-1,4-butanediol kunye ne-terephthalic acid.Kukudityaniswa kweekhemikhali ezinokonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo.I-aliphatic-aromatic polymer ye-PBAT inokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwefilimu, ukubunjwa kokuvuthela, ukugquma kwe-extrusion kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokubumba.Injongo yokudibanisa i-PLA kunye ne-PBAT kukuphucula ukuqina, ukuguqulwa kwe-biodegradation kunye ne-molding processability ye-PLA.I-PLA kunye ne-PBAT azihambelani, ngoko ke ukukhetha i-compatibilizer efanelekileyo kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-PLA.
Jonga apha ukuze uqonde umahluko phakathi kweengxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo kunye neengxowa zokupakisha ezonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Iingxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo, oku kuthetha ukuba zinokuthotywa, kodwa iingxowa zokupakisha ezonakeleyo zohlulwe zibe “zinokonakala” kwaye “zinokonakala ngokupheleleyo”.Izingxobo zokupakisha ezonakeleyo zibhekisa ekongezeni umlinganiselo othile wezongezo (ezifana nestatshi, istatshi esilungisiweyo okanye enye i-cellulose, iiphotosensitizers, ii-biodegradants, njl. njl.) Iingxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo.Isingxobo sokupakisha esonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo sithetha ukuba ingxowa yokupakisha yeplastiki ithotywa ngokupheleleyo ibe ngamanzi kunye nekharbon diokside.Umthombo oyintloko wale nto ichithwa ngokupheleleyo icutshungulwa kwingqolowa, i-cassava, njl. kwi-lactic acid, eyi-PLA.
I-Polylactic acid (PLA) luhlobo olutsha lwe-biological substrate kunye ne-biodegradable material ehlaziyiweyo.Istatshi ekrwada imathiriyeli ekrwada i-saccharified ukufumana i-glucose, kwaye emva koko ivundiswe kwi-glucose kunye neengxaki ezithile ukuvelisa i-asidi ephezulu ye-lactic, ethi ke idityaniswe ngeendlela ze-chemical synthesis.ubunzima bemolekyuli yepolylactic acid.Ine-biodegradability elungileyo, kwaye inokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo yi-microorganisms kwindalo phantsi kweemeko ezithile emva kokusetyenziswa, ekugqibeleni ivelise i-carbon dioxide kunye namanzi, ngaphandle kokungcolisa imo engqongileyo, enenzuzo kakhulu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kwaye iyinto ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kubasebenzi.
Okwangoku, eyona nto iphambili ye-bio-based material ye-bag yokupakisha echithwa ngokupheleleyo iqulunqwe yi-PLA + PBAT, enokuthi ihlanjululwe ngokupheleleyo emanzini kunye ne-carbon dioxide kwiinyanga ezi-3-6 phantsi kwemeko yokudibanisa (i-60-70 degrees), ngaphandle ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.Kutheni kufuneka iPBAT yongezwe?Abavelisi bokupakisha abaguquguqukayo balapha ukuze bachaze ukuba i-PBAT yi-copolymer ye-adipic acid, i-1,4-butanediol, kunye ne-terephthalic acid, enamafutha awenziwe ngamachiza anokuthi agudiswe ngokupheleleyo.I-polymer enevumba elimnandi, i-PBAT inokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwefilimu, ukubunjwa kokuvuthela, i-extrusion coating kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokubumba.Injongo yokudibanisa i-PLA kunye ne-PBAT kukuphucula ukuqina, ukuguqulwa kwe-biodegradation kunye ne-molding processability ye-PLA.I-PLA kunye ne-PBAT azihambelani, ngoko ke ukukhetha i-compatibilizer efanelekileyo kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-PLA.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-28-2022